In various lab and enivornmental settings, safety goggles need to be worn (rather than safety glasses) to protect eyes from liquids and flying objects. For example, in a lab, there are many harmful chemicals in liquid or particle form that could splash or fall onto skin and eyes. And for emergency services, some types of construction and other the goggles help protect the eyes from broken glass and other shrapnel that could occur due to small explosions.
There are many styles and types of prescription safety goggles available, including bifocal goggles and prescription water goggles, among others.